tar - The GNU version of the tar archiving utility
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tar [ - ] A --catenate --concatenate | c --create | d --diff --compare | r --append | t --list | u --update | x -extract --get [ --atime-preserve ] [ -b, --block-size N ] [ -B, --read-full-blocks ] [ -C, --directory DIR ] [ --checkpoint |
] [ -f, --file [HOSTNAME:]F ] [ --force-local |
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] [ -F, --info-script F --new-volume-script F ] [ -G, --incremental ] [ -g, --listed-incremental F ] [ -h, --dereference ] [ -i, --ignore-zeros ] [ --ignore-failed-read ] [ -k, --keep-old-files ] [ -K, --starting-file F ] [ -l, --one-file-system ] [ -L, --tape-length N ] [ -m, --modification-time ] [ -M, --multi-volume ] [ -N, --after-date DATE, --newer DATE ] [ -o, --old-archive, --portability ] [ -O, --to-stdout ] [ -p, --same-permissions, --preserve-permissions ] [ -P, --absolute-paths ] [ --preserve |
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] [ -R, --record-number ] [ --remove-files ] [ -s, --same-order, --preserve-order ] [ --same-owner ] [ -S, --sparse ] [ -T, --files-from F ] [ --null |
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] [ --totals |
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] [ -v, --verbose ] [ -V, --label NAME ] [ --version |
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] [ -w, --interactive, --confirmation ] [ -W, --verify |
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] [ --exclude FILE ] [ -X, --exclude-from FILE ] [ -Z, --compress, --uncompress ] [ -z, --gzip, --ungzip |
] [ --use-compress-program PROG ] [ --block-compress ] [ -[0-7][lmh] | ||||||
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filename1 [ filename2, ...
filenameN ]
directory1 [ directory2, ...directoryN ]
This manual page documents the GNU version of tar , an archiving program designed to store and extract files from an archive file known as a tarfile. A tarfile may be made on a tape drive, however, it is also common to write a tarfile to a normal file. The first argument to tar must be one of the options: Acdrtux, followed by any optional functions. The final arguments to tar are the names of the files or directories which should be archived. The use of a directory name always implies that the subdirectories below should be included in the archive.
One of the
following options must be used:
-A, --catenate, --concatenate
append tar files to an archive
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-c, --create |
create a new archive
-d, --diff, --compare
find differences between archive and file system
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--delete |
delete from the archive (not for use on mag tapes!)
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-r, --append |
append files to the end of an archive
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-t, --list |
list the contents of an archive
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-u, --update |
only append files that are newer than copy in archive
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-x, --extract, --get |
extract files from an archive
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--atime-preserve |
don’t change access times on dumped files
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-b, --block-size N |
block size of Nx512 bytes (default N=20)
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-B, --read-full-blocks |
reblock as we read (for reading 4.2BSD pipes)
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-C, --directory DIR |
change to directory DIR
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--checkpoint |
print directory names while reading the archive
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-f, --file [HOSTNAME:]F |
use archive file or device F (default /dev/rmt0)
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--force-local |
archive file is local even if has a colon
-F, --info-script F --new-volume-script F
run script at end of each tape (implies -M)
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-G, --incremental |
create/list/extract old GNU-format incremental backup
-g, --listed-incremental F
create/list/extract new GNU-format incremental backup
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-h, --dereference |
don’t dump symlinks; dump the files they point to
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-i, --ignore-zeros |
ignore blocks of zeros in archive (normally mean EOF)
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--ignore-failed-read |
don’t exit with non-zero status on unreadable files
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-k, --keep-old-files |
keep existing files; don’t overwrite them from archive
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-K, --starting-file F |
begin at file F in the archive
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-l, --one-file-system |
stay in local file system when creating an archive
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-L, --tape-length N |
change tapes after writing N*1024 bytes
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-m, --modification-time |
don’t extract file modified time
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-M, --multi-volume |
create/list/extract multi-volume archive
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-N, --after-date DATE, --newer DATE |
only store files newer than DATE
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-o, --old-archive, --portability |
write a V7 format archive, rather than ANSI format
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-O, --to-stdout |
extract files to standard output
-p, --same-permissions, --preserve-permissions
extract all protection information
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-P, --absolute-paths |
don’t strip leading ’/’s from file names
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--preserve |
like -p -s
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-R, --record-number |
show record number within archive with each message
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--remove-files |
remove files after adding them to the archive
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-s, --same-order, --preserve-order |
list of names to extract is sorted to match archive
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--same-owner |
create extracted files with the same ownership
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-S, --sparse |
handle sparse files efficiently
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-T, --files-from F |
get names to extract or create from file F
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--null |
-T reads null-terminated names, disable -C
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--totals |
print total bytes written with --create
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-v, --verbose |
verbosely list files processed
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-V, --label NAME |
create archive with volume name NAME
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--version |
print tar program version number
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-w, --interactive, --confirmation |
ask for confirmation for every action
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-W, --verify |
attempt to verify the archive after writing it
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--exclude FILE |
exclude file FILE
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-X, --exclude-from FILE |
exclude files listed in FILE
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-Z, --compress, --uncompress |
filter the archive through compress
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-z, --gzip, --ungzip |
filter the archive through gzip
--use-compress-program PROG
filter the archive through PROG (which must accept -d)
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--block-compress |
block the output of compression program for tapes
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-[0-7][lmh] |
specify drive and density