NAME
more, page - file perusal filter for crt viewing

SYNOPSIS
more [ -cdflMsu ] [ -n ] [ +linenumber ] [ +/pattern ] [ name ...
]
page more options

DESCRIPTION
More is a filter which allows examination of a continuous text one
screenful at a time on a soft-copy terminal. It normally pauses
after each screenful, printing --More-- at the bottom of the
screen. If the user then types a carriage return, one more line is
displayed. If the user hits a space, another screenful is
displayed. Other possibilities are enumerated later.

The command line options are:

-n An integer which is the size (in lines) of the window which
more will use instead of the default.

-c More will draw each page by beginning at the top of the screen
and erasing each line just before it draws on it. This avoids
scrolling the screen, making it easier to read while more is
writing. This option will be ignored if the terminal does not
have the ability to clear to the end of a line.

-d More will prompt the user with the message "Press space to
continue, ’q’ to quit." at the end of each screenful, and will
respond to subsequent illegal user input by printing "Press ’h’
for instructions." instead of ringing the bell. This is useful
if more is being used as a filter in some setting, such as a
class, where many users may be unsophisticated.

-f This causes more to count logical, rather than screen lines.
That is, long lines are not folded. This option is recommended
if nroff(1) output is being piped through ul(1), since the
latter may generate escape sequences. These escape sequences
contain characters which would ordinarily occupy screen
positions, but which do not print when they are sent to the
terminal as part of an escape sequence. Thus more may think
that lines are longer than they actually are, and fold lines
erroneously.

-l Do not treat ^L (form feed) specially. If this option is not
given, more will pause after any line that contains a ^L, as if
the end of a screenful had been reached. Also, if a file
begins with a form feed, the screen will be cleared before the
file is printed. ’) in

-M Recognize the Macintosh new-line character (’ addition
to the normal Unix newline character (’0).

-s Squeeze multiple blank lines from the output, producing only
one blank line. Especially helpful when viewing nroff(1)
output, this option maximizes the useful information present on
the screen.

-u Normally, more will handle underlining such as produced by
nroff(1) in a manner appropriate to the particular terminal:
if the terminal can perform underlining or has a stand-out
mode, more will output appropriate escape sequences to enable
underlining or stand-out mode for underlined information in the
source file. The -u option suppresses this processing.

+linenumber
Start up at linenumber.

+/pattern
Start up two lines before the line containing the regular
expression pattern.

If the program is invoked as page, then the screen is cleared
before each screenful is printed (but only if a full screenful is
being printed), and k - 1 rather than k - 2 lines are printed in
each screenful, where k is the number of lines the terminal can
display.

More looks in the file /etc/termcap to determine terminal
characteristics, and to determine the default window size. On a
terminal capable of displaying 24 lines, the default window size is
22 lines.

More looks in the environment variable MORE to pre-set any flags
desired. For example, if you prefer to view files using the -c
mode of operation, the csh(1) command setenv MORE -c or the sh(1)
command sequence MORE=’-c’ ; export MORE would cause all
invocations of more , including invocations by programs such as
man(1) to use this mode. Normally, the user will place the command
sequence which sets up the MORE environment variable in the .cshrc
or .profile file.

If more is reading from a file, rather than a pipe, then a
percentage is displayed along with the --More-- prompt. This gives
the fraction of the file (in characters, not lines) that has been
read so far.

Other sequences which may be typed when more pauses, and their
effects, are as follows (i is an optional integer argument,
defaulting to 1) :

i<space>
display i more lines, (or another screenful if no argument is
given)

^D display 11 more lines (a "scroll"). If i is given, then the
scroll size is set to i.

d same as ^D (control-D)

iz same as typing a space except that i, if present, becomes the
new window size.

is skip i lines and print a screenful of lines

if skip i screensful and print a screenful of lines

ib skip back i screensful and print a screenful of lines

i^B same as b

q or Q
Exit from more.

= Display the current line number.

v Start up the editor vi(1) at the current line.

h Help command; give a description of all the more commands.

i/expr
search for the i-th occurrence of the regular expression expr.
If there are less than i occurrences of expr, and the input is
a file (rather than a pipe), then the position in the file
remains unchanged. Otherwise, a screenful is displayed,
starting two lines before the place where the expression was
found. The user’s erase and kill characters may be used to
edit the regular expression. Erasing back past the first
column cancels the search command.

in search for the i-th occurrence of the last regular expression
entered.

’ (single quote) Go to the point from which the last search
started. If no search has been performed in the current file,
this command goes back to the beginning of the file.

!command
invoke a shell with command. The characters ‘%’ and ‘!’ in
"command" are replaced with the current file name and the
previous shell command respectively. If there is no current
file name, ‘%’ is not expanded. The sequences "" and ""
are replaced by "%" and "!" respectively.

i:n skip to the i-th next file given in the command line (skips to
last file if n doesn’t make sense)

i:p skip to the i-th previous file given in the command line. If
this command is given in the middle of printing out a file,
then more goes back to the beginning of the file. If i doesn’t
make sense, more skips back to the first file. If more is not
reading from a file, the bell is rung and nothing else
happens.

:f display the current file name and line number.

:q or :Q
exit from more (same as q or Q).

. (dot) repeat the previous command.

The commands take effect immediately, i.e., it is not necessary to
type a carriage return. Up to the time when the command character
itself is given, the user may hit the line kill character to cancel
the numerical argument being formed. In addition, the user may hit
the erase character to redisplay the --More--(xx%) message.

At any time when output is being sent to the terminal, the user can
hit the quit key (normally control-. More will stop sending
output, and will display the usual --More-- prompt. The user may
then enter one of the above commands in the normal manner.
Unfortunately, some output is lost when this is done, due to the
fact that any characters waiting in the terminal’s output queue are
flushed when the quit signal occurs.

The terminal is set to noecho mode by this program so that the
output can be continuous. What you type will thus not show on your
terminal, except for the / and ! commands.

If the standard output is not a teletype, then more acts just like
cat(1), except that a header is printed before each file (if there
is more than one).

A sample usage of more in previewing nroff(1) output would be

nroff -ms +2 doc.n | more -s

FILES
/etc/termcap Terminal data base
/usr/lib/more.help Help file

SEE ALSO
csh(1), man(1), sh(1), environ(7)

BUGS
Skipping backwards is too slow on large files.