NAME
od - octal, decimal, hex, ascii dump

SYNOPSIS
od [ -format ] [ file ] [ [+]offset[.][b] [label] ]

DESCRIPTION
Od displays file, or its standard input, in one or more dump
formats as selected by the first argument. If the first argument
is missing, -o is the default. Dumping continues until end-of-
file.

The meanings of the format argument characters are:

a Interpret bytes as characters and display them with their
ACSII names. If the p character is given also, then bytes
with even parity are underlined. The P character causes bytes
with odd parity to be underlined. Otherwise the parity bit is
ignored.

b Interpret bytes as unsigned octal.

c Interpret bytes as ASCII characters. Certain non-graphic
characters appear as C escapes: null= , backspace= , tab=; others appear as
formfeed= newline=0 return=
3-digit octal numbers. Bytes with the parity bit set are
displayed in octal.

d Interpret (short) words as unsigned decimal.

f Interpret long words as floating point.

h Interpret (short) words as unsigned hexadecimal.

i Interpret (short) words as signed decimal.

l Interpret long words as signed decimal.

o Interpret (short) words as unsigned octal.

s[n] Look for strings of ascii graphic characters, terminated with
a null byte. N specifies the minimum length string to be
recognized. By default, the minimum length is 3 characters.

v Show all data. By default, display lines that are identical to
the last line shown are not output, but are indicated with an
"*" in column 1.

w[n] Specifies the number of input bytes to be interpreted and
displayed on each output line. If w is not specified, 16 bytes
are read for each display line. If n is not specified, it
defaults to 32.

x Interpret (short) words as hexadecimal.

An upper case format character implies the long or double precision
form of the object.

The offset argument specifies the byte offset into the file where
dumping is to commence. By default this argument is interpreted in
octal. A different radix can be specified; If "." is appended to
the argument, then offset is interpreted in decimal. If offset
begins with "x" or "0x", it is interpreted in hexadecimal. If
"b" ("B") is appended, the offset is interpreted as a block
count, where a block is 512 (1024) bytes. If the file argument is
omitted, an offset argument must be preceded by "+".

The radix of the displayed address will be the same as the radix of
the offset, if specified; otherwise it will be octal.

Label will be interpreted as a pseudo-address for the first byte
displayed. It will be shown in "()" following the file offset.
It is intended to be used with core images to indicate the real
memory address. The syntax for label is identical to that for
offset.