EXPORTS(5) MachTen Programmer’s Manual EXPORTS(5)

NAME
exports - define remote mount points for NFS mount requests

SYNOPSIS
exports

DESCRIPTION
The exports file specifies remote mount points for the NFS mount protocol
per the NFS server specification; see Network File System Protocol
Specification RFC 1094, Appendix A.

Each line in the file (other than comment lines that begin with a #)
specifies the mount point(s) and export flags within one local server
filesystem for one or more hosts. A host may be specified only once for
each local filesystem on the server and there may be only one default en-
try for each server filesystem that applies to all other hosts. The lat-
ter exports the filesystem to the ‘‘world’’ and should be used only when
the filesystem contains public information.

In a mount entry, the first field(s) specify the directory path(s) within
a server filesystem that can be mounted on by the corresponding
client(s). There are two forms of this specification. The first is to
list all mount points as absolute directory paths separated by whites-
pace. The second is to specify the pathname of the root of the filesys-
tem followed by the -alldirs flag; this form allows the host(s) to mount
any directory within the filesystem. The pathnames must not have any
symbolic links in them and should not have any "." or ".." components.
Mount points for a filesystem may appear on multiple lines each with dif-
ferent sets of hosts and export options.

The second component of a line specifies how the filesystem is to be ex-
ported to the host set. The option flags specify whether the filesystem
is exported read-only or read-write and how the client uid is mapped to
user credentials on the server.

Export options are specified as follows:

-maproot=user The credential of the specified user is used for remote ac-
cess by root. The credential includes all the groups to which the user
is a member on the local machine (see id(1)). The user may be specified
by name or number.

-maproot=user:group1:group2:... The colon separated list is used to spec-
ify the precise credential to be used for remote access by root. The el-
ements of the list may be either names or numbers. Note that user:
should be used to distinguish a credential containing no groups from a
complete credential for that user.

-mapall=user or -mapall=user:group1:group2:... specifies a mapping for
all client uids (including root) using the same semantics as -maproot.

The option -r is a synonym for -maproot in an effort to be backward com-
patible with older export file formats.

In the absence of -maproot and -mapall options, remote accesses by root
will result in using a credential of -2:-2. All other users will be
mapped to their remote credential. If a -maproot option is given, remote
access by root will be mapped to that credential instead of -2:-2. If a
-mapall option is given, all users (including root) will be mapped to
that credential in place of their own.

The -kerb option specifies that the Kerberos authentication server should
be used to authenticate and map client credentials. (Note that this is
NOT Sun NFS compatible and is supported for TCP transport only.)

The -ro option specifies that the filesystem should be exported read-only
(default read/write). The option -o is a synonym for -ro in an effort to
be backward compatible with older export file formats.

The third component of a line specifies the host set to which the line
applies. The set may be specified in three ways. The first way is to
list the host name(s) separated by white space. (Standard internet
‘‘dot’’ addresses may be used in place of names.) The second way is to
specify a ‘‘netgroup’’ as defined in the netgroup file (see netgroup(5)).
The third way is to specify an internet subnetwork using a network and
network mask that is defined as the set of all hosts with addresses with-
in the subnetwork. This latter approach requires less overhead within
the kernel and is recommended for cases where the export line refers to a
large number of clients within an administrative subnet.

The first two cases are specified by simply listing the name(s) separated
by whitespace. All names are checked to see if they are ‘‘netgroup’’
names first and are assumed to be hostnames otherwise. Using the full
domain specification for a hostname can normally circumvent the problem
of a host that has the same name as a netgroup. The third case is speci-
fied by the flag -network=netname and optionally -mask=netmask. If the
mask is not specified, it will default to the mask for that network class
(A, B or C; see inet(5)).

For example:

/usr /usr/local -maproot=0:10 friends
/usr -maproot=daemon grumpy.cis.uoguelph.ca 131.104.48.16
/usr -ro -mapall=nobody
/u -maproot=bin: -network 131.104.48 -mask 255.255.255.0
/u2 -maproot=root friends
/u2 -alldirs -kerb -network cis-net -mask cis-mask

Given that /usr, /u and /u2 are local filesystem mount points, the above
example specifies the following: /usr is exported to hosts friends where
friends is specified in the netgroup file with users mapped to their re-
mote credentials and root mapped to uid 0 and group 10. It is exported
read-write and the hosts in ‘‘friends’’ can mount either /usr or
/usr/local. It is exported to 131.104.48.16 and grumpy.cis.uoguelph.ca
with users mapped to their remote credentials and root mapped to the user
and groups associated with ‘‘daemon’’; it is exported to the rest of the
world as read-only with all users mapped to the user and groups associat-
ed with ‘‘nobody’’.

/u is exported to all hosts on the subnetwork 131.104.48 with root mapped
to the uid for ‘‘bin’’ and with no group access.

/u2 is exported to the hosts in ‘‘friends’’ with root mapped to uid and
groups associated with ‘‘root’’; it is exported to all hosts on network
‘‘cis-net’’ allowing mounts at any directory within /u2 and mapping all
uids to credentials for the principal that is authenticated by a Kerberos
ticket.

FILES
/etc/exports The default remote mount-point file.

SEE ALSO
netgroup(5), mountd(8), nfsd(8), showmount(8)

BUGS
The export options are tied to the local mount points in the kernel and
must be non-contradictory for any exported subdirectory of the local
server mount point. It is recommended that all exported directories
within the same server filesystem be specified on adjacent lines going
down the tree. You cannot specify a hostname that is also the name of a
netgroup. Specifying the full domain specification for a hostname can
normally circumvent the problem.

4.4BSD January 28, 1994 3